The Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules for International Carriage by Air entered into force generally on November 4, 2003, and for Spain on June 28, 2004, following its publication in the Official State Gazette of Spain on May 20, 2004.
Articles 21 and 22 of the Convention establish the liability limits for air carriers concerning damages related to the transportation of passengers, baggage, and cargo. These amounts are expressed in Special Drawing Rights (SDRs), the accounting unit of the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
Furthermore, Article 24 of the Convention stipulates that these limits must be reviewed every five years based on the accumulated inflation rate since the last update¹.
The first review of liability limits was conducted in 2009, while the second review resulted in no adjustments. The third review, in 2019, led to an update of 13.9%.
In 2024, a new update of the compensation limits set out in Articles 21 and 22 of the Convention has been implemented².
1 The calculation is based on the weighted average of the annual variations in the consumer price index of the States whose currencies make up the Special Drawing Right (SDR), updated every five years.
2 The amendment to Articles 21 and 22 of the Montreal Convention was published in the Official State Gazette of Spain on February 27, 2025 (link).
The information provided on this document does not, and is not intended to, constitute legal advice. All rights reserved. Reproduction in any form, distribution, transfer, and any kind of use of this document, either in its entirety or in part, is prohibited without prior authorization from PionAirLaw.