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On 11 December 2025, the Spanish Congress of Deputies definitively approved the first specific piece of legislation regulating customer service in Spain. This represents an unprecedented development in the Spanish legal system, where rules governing this area had...

Europe's airspace is one of the densest and most complex in the world: it encompasses more than 11 million flights per year, 27 European Union Member States and a dozen associated countries, more than 60 air navigation service providers and a mosaic of national...

On 16 October 2025, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) handed down a ruling of particular relevance to international air transport (case C-218/24), resolving a preliminary ruling requested by Madrid Commercial Court No. 4¹. The debate revolved around a...

On 12 October 2025, the Entry and Exit System (EES) will come into force throughout the European Union, one of the most ambitious reforms in border control in recent decades. This system will replace the traditional manual stamping of passports for third-country...

INTRODUCTION: SECURITY THAT PREVENTS HARM A few days ago, we had the opportunity to visit the Civil Guard facilities at Adolfo Suárez Madrid-Barajas Airport (MAD) and see first-hand the extraordinary work carried out by the team of this detachment. During the visit,...

The entry into force of Regulation (EU) 2023/2405 (ReFuelEU Aviation)¹ in January 2025 represents one of the most ambitious steps taken by the European Union to decarbonise air transport. This regulation, which imposes progressive obligations to incorporate...

In October 2023, PionAirLaw firmly defended the legality of airlines’ policies to charge for cabin baggage and their alignment with the European legal framework and the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), which establish that that airlines...

On January 2, 2025, Organic Act 1/2025¹ was published, introducing significant changes to the Spanish legal framework. One of its most notable innovations is the incorporation of new Alternative Dispute Resolution Mechanisms (ADR) in non-judicial proceedings. This...

The Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules for International Carriage by Air entered into force generally on November 4, 2003, and for Spain on June 28, 2004, following its publication in the Official State Gazette of Spain on May 20, 2004. Articles 21 and 22...

The recent accidents involving American Airlines Flight 5342 and Jeju Airlines Flight 7C2216, which occurred on January 29 and December 29, 2024, respectively, have shocked both the aviation industry and the general public, serving as a stark reminder of the crucial...